LATAR BELAKANG PREDESTINASI GANDA JOHN CALVIN
“Historis Kemunculan Predestinasi Abad ke-4 hingga ke Masa Calvin”
Abstract
Permasalahan dalam tulisan ini terletak pada isu teologis tentang predestinasi, khususnya tentang sejarah munculnya predestinasi ganda versi calvin. Munculnya paham tentang konsep pemilihan Allah atas sebagian orang telah menimbulkan masalah teologis yang kompleks karena ditafsirkan secara berbeda-beda oleh penerus Calvin. Pembahasan ini bertujuan untuk melacak latar belakang mengapa Calvin mengajarkan rumusan predestinasi yang ekstrem. Karena menitikberatkan kepada isu “latar belakang”, maka tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian pustaka bersifat historis. Tulisan ini akan menjabarkan sejarah munculnya konsep predestinasi sebelum Calvin dan menelisik keadaan historis pada saat rumusan itu dimunculkan. Hasilnya, predestinasi versi Calvin yang hidup pada abad ke-16, dimulai dari gagasan Agustinus pada abad ke-4. Kesimpulan dari tulisan membuktikan bahwa predestinasi Calvin akan disalahpahami jika langsung menafsirkan teks Predestinasi dari aspek teologis dan mengabaikan alasan-alasan sosial serta pengalaman pribadi Agustinus dan Calvin. Predestinasi Calvin tidak dapat dilepaskan dari aspek Historis-Sosial abad ke-16 dan abad ke-4.
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